Suchergebnisse

Lemieux shows how free trade improves the lives of American consumers, especially the poor. The narrow agenda of the protectionists--to protect a small minority of producers at the expense of millions of their fellow Americans--is the wrong path for an increasingly diverse and complex economy. This concise primer shows you why.

The goal should not be to create jobs, but to let people earn income in order to consume what they want.

The Genie Out of the Bottle Safe State Muddy Terminology Understanding the Public Debt What Is a Trillion Dollars? Basic Concepts of the Federal Government Debt John Maynard Keynes and Democracy in Deficit The Debt of States and Local Governments Adding Up and Taking Stock Lessons from Europe Sovereign Bankruptcy The Debt Problem Predates the Great Recession State Greed The Hidden Welfare State Federal Social Spending Two Welfare States The Look and Feel of the Welfare State Convergence Rational Ignorance Unsustainable Future Uncle Sam's Solvency in Doubt Official Forecasts of Insolvency The Ghosts in the Closet The Naked Emperor The Emperor's Praetorians Coercive Taxes Voluntary Taxes in Fiscal Orthodoxy: We Ate It Together Doubts About Fiscal Orthodoxy Who ate the money? Will Americans Pay? The Sovereign's Bankers 'A True Providence for the State' Who Are the Real Bankers of the State? The Limits of Honest Borrowing Reducing Expenditures: Mission Impossible? The Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes All Expenditures Are Essential Reagan's Failure Questioning the State's Missions Inflating the Debt Away The Cause of Inflation Default by Inflation Could the US Government Pull the Trick? Contagion: When the Emperor Coughs Contagion Fuels Recessions Default Risks Contagion The Least Bad of All Possible Worlds Repudiation or Open Default Stealth Default The Cost of Doing Nothing The Benefits of Open Default Wishes and Reality Opportunities Tough Times Ahead Another Possible World The Fourth Alternative

Introduction: Adult Supervision * 1 The Limits of Authority * 1.1 Social Complexity * 1.2 The Impossibility of Planning * 1.3 The Inconvenient Individual * 1.4 The Tribe and the Great Society * 2 Are Recessions Possible? * 2.1 Business Cycles and Crashes * 2.2 An Economist in Wonderland * 2.3 Classical Economics * 2.4 Recessions Happen * 3 Macroeconomic Controversies * 3.1 The Old Idea of Underconsumption * 3.2 Keynes's Ideas: A Brief Summary * 3.3 Price Adjustments * 3.4 Multiplying Bread and Fish * 3.5 Meaningless Aggregates * 3.6 Information and Coordination * 3.7 Government Activism * 3.8 More Recent Theories of the Business Cycle * 4 The Mixed Economy * 4.1 A Failure of Capitalism? * 4.2 Government Revenues and Expenditures * 4.3 Regulation and Control * 4.4 The Welfare State * 4.5 Businessmen as Domestic Animals * 5 Financial Deregulation: An Urban Legend * 5.1 Lax Regulation * 5.2 Deregulation * 5.3 U.S. Banks in a World Perspective * 5.4 Necessary Regulation? * 6 The Crime Scene: Envy of the World * 6.1 Residential Home Market Driven by Government * 6.2 A Half-nationalized Residential Mortgage Market * 6.3 Securitization * 6.4 Subsidization of Risk * 6.5 The Collapse of the House of Cards * 6.6 Larger Consequences * 7 Monetary Meddling * 7.1 The Austrian Theory of the Business Cycle * 7.2 Some Doubts on the Austrian Interpretation of the Crisis * 7.3 Monetary Policy Played a Role * 7.4 On Balance: A Contributing Factor * 8 State Animal Spirits * 8.1 State Greed * 8.2 Faddish Behavior and State Bubbles * 8.3 Regulatory failure * 8.4 Collectivism * 8.5 Power and Hubris * 8.6 Systemic risk * Conclusion: Something Must Be Done * Bibliography * Name Index * Topics Index * Charts

Anthony de Jasay's book The State (1985) belongs to public-choice theory. The similarities are numerous, including a common Individualist methodology, the same normative individualist presumption, the nonromantic analysis of government, and the rejection of any 'social welfare function' and cost-benefit analysis. This essay, however, focuses on the differences between The State and public-choice theory. These differences can illuminate their understanding of the state and the possibility, if any, of limiting it. Although Jasay has produced a considerable body of work since The State, he focuses that book and use James Buchanan as the focal point on the side of standard public-choice theory. The main difference between The State and standard public-choice theory lies in their basic conceptions of the state. The state can be conceived as a servant or as a dominator. Public-choice theory adopts the first conception, even if it always keeps in mind the possibility that the servant may turn against its master. The State defends the second conception. Adapted from the source document.

Discusses, under the rubric of 'new welfare economics', the value judgments seemingly inherent in state intervention in the redistribution of wealth through social welfare. The question is raised of whether state economic intervention based on value judgments is justified. The theses of such theorists as Nicholas Kaldor, John Hicks, & Vilfredo Pareto are drawn to examine this question, before going on to another, which must be addressed mathematically,"Can the state enhance economic efficiency -- or what is the same, increase society's income -- without a value judgment that favors some & harms others?" It is concluded that there is a way to resolve these questions: postulate a "social welfare function" indicating a society's preferences. Figures, References. J. Stanton

La problemática de la participación de los individuos y de los grupos sociales en la toma de decisiones administrativas, su oportunidad, sus modalidades y su eficacia, se encuentran particularmente ilustradas por el mecanismo de la Encuesta Pública previa a la decisión instaurada por el legislador. La participación ciudadana en la protección del Ambiente en Canadá, a través del instituto de la Encuesta Pública contribuye notoriamente en la eficacia de la actuación de los gobiernos en la protección del Ambiente. La idea de participación de los ciudadanos se vuelve una realidad tangible. ; The question of individual and group participation in administrative decision-taking, its opportunity, characteristics and efficiency, are particularly illustrated by the Public Survey mechanism prior to the decision made by the legislator. The participation of the citizenry in environment protection in Canada, through the Institute of Publisurvey manfistly contributes to efficient governmental management in Environment protection. The idea of citizenry participation becames a tangible reality. ; Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales